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Birthstones
  Here are the modern and traditional birthstones, and in some cases their commonly recognized substitutes. Not listed are the "sign stones" which are based upon the astrological signs of the Zodiac.

January Birthstone: Garnet or Rose Quartz
February Birthstone: Amethyst or Onyx
March Birthstone: Aquamarine or Bloodstone
April Birthstone: Diamond or Rock Crystal (Quartz)
May Birthstone: Emerald or Chrysoprase
June Birthstone: Alexandrite or Moonstone or Pearl
July Birthstone: Ruby or Carnelian
August Birthstone: Peridot or Sardonyx
September Birthstone: Sapphire or Lapis
October Birthstone: Opal or Tourmaline
November Birthstone: Topaz or Citrine
December Birthstone: Tanzanite, Zircon or Turquoise

Birthstones tend to be a very personal choice, even to the point that people who don't like the color of their true birthstone will find any excuse to claim another.  For example, the true November birthstone is citrine or golden topaz, yet many people choose blue topaz even though that lovely blue color is the result of treatment of a golden or colorless natural topaz crystal. Note that sapphires come in any color of the rainbow (except hues of red, reserved for ruby), as do tourmaline and even diamond. Garnet, usually thought of as red, actually is available in a variety of colors including orange, green, and even the lovely deep purple color of grapes.

Tanzanite became an official December birthstone on October 30, 2002, in the first revision to the birthstone list since 1912